Parallel Port

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parallel printer port on the back of a laptop.A parallel port is a type of socket found on personal computers for interfacing with various peripherals. It is also known as a printer port or Centronics port. The IEEE 1284 standard defines the bi-directional version of the port.

For the most part, the Universal Serial Bus interface has replaced the Centronics-style parallel port. Some printers use an ethernet connection instead, and — as of 2006 — many lack a parallel port connection. On many modern computers, the parallel port is omitted for cost savings, and is considered to be a legacy port. In laptops, access to a parallel port is still commonly available through docking station.

Uses

Printers
Zip drive
Some Image scanner
Some sound cards
Some Webcam
Some gamepad and joystick
Peripheral devices such as EPROM programmers
SCSI devices via a Parallel to SCSI adapter
Experimental setups using the 12 Transistor–transistor logic drivers.
External CD-Rom/RW drives

Port addresses Traditionally IBM PC systems have allocated their first three parallel ports according to the configuration in the table below.{| class="wikitable"|-! PORT NAME !! Interrupt # !! Starting I/O Address !! Ending I/O Address|-| LPT1 || Interrupt Request 7 || 0x3bc || 0x3bf|-| LPT2 || Interrupt Request 5 || 0x378 || 0x37f|-| LPT3 || Interrupt Request 5 || 0x278 || 0x27f|}

If there is an unused LPTx slot, the port addresses of the others are moved up. (For example, if a port at 0x3bc does not exist, the port at 0x378 will then become LPT1.) The IRQ lines, however, remain fixed (therefore, 0x378 at LPT1 would use IRQ 7). The port addresses assigned to each LPTx slot can be determined by reading the BIOS Data Area (BDA) at 0000:0408.

Bit to Pin Mapping for the Standard Parallel Port (SPP):

{| class="wikitable"|-! Address !! !! Most significant bit !! !! !! !! !! !! !! Least significant bit|-| || Bit: || 7 || 6 || 5 || 4 || 3 || 2 || 1 || 0|-| Base || Pin: || 9 || 8 || 7 || 6 || 5 || 4 || 3 || 2|-| Base+1 || Pin: || ~11 || 10 || 12 || 13 || 15 || || |||-| Base+2 || Pin: || || || || || ~17 || 16 || ~14 || ~1|-|}~ indicates a hardware inversion of the bit.

Program interface In versions of Microsoft Windows that did not use the Windows NT kernel (as well as MS-DOS and some other operating systems), programs could access the parallel port with simple outportb() and inportb() subroutine commands. In operating systems such as Windows NT and Unix (NetBSD, FreeBSD, Solaris (operating system), 386BSD, etc), the microprocessor is operated in a different security ring, and accesses to the parallel port is inhibited, unless using the required driver. This improves security and arbitration of device contention.

References

Parallel Port Pinouts Configuration
Parallel Port Description and programming
Jan Axelson (2000). Parallel Port Complete. Lakeview Research. ISBN 0-9650819-1-5.
The (Linux) Parallel Port Subsystem by Tim Waugh

parallel port from FOLDOC
parallel port < hardware > An interface from a computer system where data is transferred in or out in parallel, that is, on more than one wire. A parallel port carries one bit on ...

enhanced parallel port from FOLDOC
enhanced parallel port < hardware > (EPP) A parallel port that confirms to the IEEE 's EPP standard. An EPP is actually an expansion bus that can handle 64 disk drives and other ...

Interfacing to the IBM-PC Parallel Printer Port
Interfacing to the IBM-PC Parallel Printer Port.

IBM-PC Parallel Printer Port - Reading & Writing Data
IBM-PC Parallel Printer Port Reading & Writing Data MS-DOS, MS-Windows3.1 and MS-Windows95 console applications but not MS-Windows95/NT Different interpreters/compilers provide ...

Parallel Port Scanners under Linux
Last modified on 27 th June 2001 . Do not bother to contact me to ask if your scanner is supported. Everything I know is listed here. If you can't find your scanner then it means ...

Parallel port - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A parallel port is a type of interface found on computers (personal and otherwise) for connecting various peripherals. It is also known as a printer port or Centronics port.

USB Parallel Port
USB data acquisition from Pico Technology. Using USB you can now log data from multiple devices on the same PC.

Amazon.co.uk: Targus USB to Parallel Port Adapter Cable: Targus Europe ...
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Amazon.co.uk: Parallel Port Complete: Programming, Interfacing ...
Amazon.co.uk: Parallel Port Complete: Programming, Interfacing, & Using the PC's Parallel Printer Port: Jan Axelson: Books ...

Parallel Port Dongle - Cyan Technology
Parallel Port eICE Adaptor . Similar to the USB eICE Adaptor, the Parallel Port eICE Adaptor is an older design that connects the eICE debug port of the eCOG1 to the parallel port ...